Connection Settings

About 1829 wordsAbout 6 min

Auto Detection

MAA can automatically detect and fill in the ADB path, connection address, and connection configuration for a single currently running emulator.

As of MAA v6.16.8, the following emulators and connection addresses are supported for detection:

BlueStacks 5: 127.0.0.1:5555/5556/5565/5575/5585/5595/5554
MuMu Player: 127.0.0.1:16384/16416/16448/16480/16512/16544/16576
LDPlayer 9: emulator-5554/5556/5558/5560, 127.0.0.1:5555/5557/5559/5561
NoxPlayer: 127.0.0.1:62001/59865
MEmu Play: 127.0.0.1:21503
Tencent App Store (after 5.10.56.xx): 127.0.0.1:5555

If detection fails, try launching MAA with UAC administrator privileges and detect again. If it still fails, refer to the manual setup instructions below and verify that your emulator and connection address are included in the list above.

ADB Path

Technical details

Auto detection uses the emulator's ADB. Manual configuration is only required if auto detection fails. Force Replace ADB will download Google's ADB and use it automatically. If ADB is available in the environment variables, just fill in adb.

Use emulator's ADB

Go to your emulator's installation directory. On Windows, you can right-click the process in Task Manager while the emulator is running and select Open file location.

Look for an exe file with adb in its name in the top-level or subdirectories. You can use search to find it.

Examples

adb.exe HD-adb.exe adb_server.exe nox_adb.exe

Use Google's ADB

Download here, extract it, and select adb.exe.

We recommend extracting it directly to the MAA folder so you can enter .\platform-tools\adb.exe as the ADB path, allowing it to move with the MAA folder.

Connection Address

Tips

Emulators running on your local machine should use addresses like 127.0.0.1:<port number> or emulator-<four digits>.

Emulator documentation and reference addresses

Bluestacks 5: Emulator settings show current multi-instance ports.
MuMu Player: Multi-instance manager shows running ports in the top-right corner.
MuMu Player Pro 127.0.0.1:16384
LDPlayer 9 emulator-5554
NoxPlayer 127.0.0.1:62001
MEmu Play 127.0.0.1:21503
Tencent App Store: ADB port is fixed at 127.0.0.1:5555. ADB path example: C:\Program Files\Tencent\Androws\Application\<version>\adb.exe.

For other emulators, refer to Zhao Qingqing's blog.

Alternative methods

Method 1: Check emulator ports using ADB commands
1. Launch one emulator and ensure no other Android devices are connected to your computer.
2. Open a terminal in the folder containing the ADB executable.
3. Run the following command:
```
# Windows command prompt
adb devices
# Windows PowerShell
.\adb devices
```
Example output:
```
List of devices attached
127.0.0.1:<port number>   device
emulator-<four digits>  device
```
Use 127.0.0.1:<port> or emulator-<four digits> as your connection address.
Method 2: Find established ADB connections
1. Follow Method 1.
2. Press Windows key+S to open search, type Resource Monitor and open it.
3. Go to the Network tab and find the emulator process name in the Listening Ports name column, such as HD-Player.exe.
4. Note all listening ports for the emulator process.
5. In the TCP Connections name column, find adb.exe and identify the remote port matching the emulator's listening port - this is the emulator's debug port.

BlueStacks with Hyper-V port changes on every startup

In Connection Settings, set Connection Configuration to BlueStacks, then check both Auto Detect Connection and Re-detect Each Time.

This should work in most cases. If connection still fails, you may have multiple emulator cores or issues requiring additional settings as explained below.

Specifying `ConfigKeyword`

Note

If you're using multi-instance or have multiple emulator cores installed, you'll need additional settings to specify which emulator number to use

In gui.new.json, find your current configuration name (viewable in Settings-Switch Configuration, default is Default) and locate the Gui.ConnectSettings.Extras.BluestacksExtra.ConfigKeyword field containing "bst.instance.<emulator number>.status.adb_port". Find the emulator number in the BlueStacks_nxt\Engine folder in the emulator path.

Examples

Nougat64 core:

"ConfigKeyword": "bst.instance.Nougat64.status.adb_port"

Pie64_2 core: (the number after the core name indicates a multi-instance core)

"ConfigKeyword": "bst.instance.Pie64_2.status.adb_port"

Specifying `ConfigPath`

Note

MAA now attempts to read the bluestacks.conf storage location from the registry. When this fails, you need to manually specify the configuration file path

Find the bluestacks.conf file in the BlueStacks data directory
- International version default: C:\ProgramData\BlueStacks_nxt\bluestacks.conf
- Chinese version default: C:\ProgramData\BlueStacks_nxt_cn\bluestacks.conf
Note: C:\ProgramData is a hidden directory. If necessary, paste this address directly into the file explorer's address bar to access it.
If this is your first time, run MAA once so it automatically generates the configuration file.
First close MAA, then open gui.new.json, find your current configuration name (viewable in Settings-Switch Configuration, default is Default), locate the Gui.ConnectSettings.Extras.BluestacksExtra.ConfigPath field, and enter the full path to bluestacks.conf. (Note: use escaped backslashes \\)

Example

For C:\ProgramData\BlueStacks_nxt\bluestacks.conf:

{
  "Configurations": {
    "Default": {
      "Gui": {
        "ConnectSettings": {
          "Extras": {
            "BluestacksExtra": {
              "ConfigPath": "C:\\ProgramData\\BlueStacks_nxt\\bluestacks.conf"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Connection Configuration

Select the configuration matching your emulator. If not listed, choose General Mode. If that doesn't work, try any other available configuration.

For specific differences, see the source code.

MuMu Screenshot Enhanced Mode

Version Requirement: Official/Arknights-specific MuMu V4.1.26 or above, or Global MuMu V5.21.3 or above.

In Settings - Connection Settings, check Enable MuMu Screenshot Enhanced Mode. MAA will automatically try to get the installation path from the registry when you check this option.
Enter the root directory of the MuMu installation (i.e., the directory containing the nx_device or shell folder) in MuMu Installation Path, e.g., C:\Program Files\Netease\MuMuPlayer.
If using MuMu Network Bridge, check MuMu Network Bridge Mode and manually enter the instance number of the corresponding emulator in the MuMu multi-instance manager, such as 0 for the main instance.

MuMu Touch Enhanced Mode: Requires the official MuMu V6.3.2 or above; the Arknights-specific and Global editions are currently not supported. After Enable MuMu Screenshot Enhanced Mode is checked, check the Enable MuMu Touch Enhancement option below it to enable.

LD Screenshot Enhanced Mode

Requires official or international LDPlayer 9 V9.1.32 or newer.

In Settings - Connection Settings, check Enable LD Screenshot Enhanced Mode. MAA will automatically try to get the installation path from the registry when you check this option.
Enter the path to the LDPlayer9 folder in LD Installation Path, e.g., C:\leidian\LDPlayer9\.
Enter the number (ID) of the corresponding emulator in the LDPlayer multi-instance manager in Instance Number, such as 0 for the main instance.

AVD Screenshot Enhanced Mode

Requires Android Emulator v27.2.9 or newer. (You should be fine as long as you got the emulator after Arknights launched.)

AVD Screenshot Enhanced Mode is implemented in MaaFramework. Touch mode must be set accordingly for Screenshot Enhanced Mode to work.

In Settings - Connection - Connection Preset, select Android Virtual Device (AVD).
For Touch Mode, select MaaFwAdb.

Touch Mode

Minitouch: An Android touch event handler written in C that operates on evdev devices and provides a Socket interface for external programs to trigger touch events and gestures. Starting with Android 10, Minitouch is no longer available when SELinux is in Enforcing mode.^source (Default)
MaaTouch: MAA's Java reimplementation of Minitouch that uses Android's native InputDevice and adds extra features. (Experimental)
ADB Input: Directly calls ADB to use Android's input command for touch operations. Only for physical devices running an older OS version; do not use it if other modes work. ADB Input swipes tend to drift — to avoid this, swipe speed is set very slow and swipe distances differ from other modes, so it cannot be used in scenarios requiring precise coordinate control. (Deprecated)
MaaFwAdb: Delegates screenshot and touch commands to MaaFramework's control unit. Extra swipe is not supported: an extra swipe is a short "brake" swipe appended perpendicular to the end of the main swipe (tracing an L-shaped 90° turn), used to counteract list inertia, so pages that rely on it to prevent overshooting will overshoot in this mode. (Experimental)
MuMu Touch Enhancement: Calls the touch interface of MuMu's external renderer process. Only appears in the touch mode dropdown after Enable MuMu's screenshot enhancement mode is checked, and automatically falls back to Minitouch when unavailable (experimental). Requires the official MuMu V6.3.2 or above; the Arknights-specific and Global editions are not supported yet. Supports operation in the MuMu "App Keep-Alive" (background keep-alive) scenario.

ADB Lite

MAA's independent ADB Client implementation that communicates directly with the ADB Server via TCP. Compared to the original ADB, it avoids constantly launching multiple ADB processes, reducing performance overhead, but some screenshot methods aren't available.^PR

We recommend enabling it, but specific pros and cons need feedback. ~~Help us test it x3~~

Running multiple MAA and emulator instances

How to do it

To operate multiple emulators simultaneously, copy the MAA folder multiple times and use different MAA instances, the same adb.exe, and different connection addresses to connect.

Auto-starting multiple emulator instances

Using BlueStacks International as an example, here are two ways to auto-start multiple emulator instances:

Start via additional commands

Launch a single multi-instance emulator.
Open Task Manager, find the corresponding emulator process, go to the Details tab, right-click the column header, click Select Columns, and check Command line.
In the new Command line column, find the content after ...\Bluestacks_nxt\HD-Player.exe".
Add the content you found (similar to --instance Nougat32) to Startup Settings - Additional Commands.

Note

After finishing, we recommend hiding the Command line column opened in Step 2 to prevent slowdowns

Example

Instance 1:
Emulator Path: C:\Program Files\BlueStacks_nxt\HD-Player.exe
Additional Commands: --instance Nougat32 --cmd launchApp --package "com.hypergryph.arknights"
Instance 2:
Emulator Path: C:\Program Files\BlueStacks_nxt\HD-Player.exe
Additional Commands: --instance Nougat32_1 --cmd launchApp --package "com.hypergryph.arknights.bilibili"

The --cmd launchApp --package part auto-launches the specified package after startup; modify as needed.

Start via emulator shortcuts

Some emulators support creating application shortcuts that directly launch the emulator and open Arknights.

Open the multi-instance manager and create shortcuts for the corresponding emulators.
Enter the emulator shortcut path in Startup Settings - Emulator Path

Example

Instance 1:
Emulator Path: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\BlueStacks\Instance 1.lnk
Instance 2:
Emulator Path: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\BlueStacks\Instance 2-Arknights.lnk

When using Emulator Path for multi-instance operation, we recommend leaving Startup Settings -